Ornamental fish are susceptible to many diseases, and a fisherman's awareness of these diseases and how to deal with them can save their lives. Prevention is always better than cure, so maintaining water quality, providing a healthy environment, and providing a balanced diet are crucial.
:White Spot Disease
Symptoms: Small white spots resembling salt grains appear on the fish's body, fins, and gills. You may notice the fish scratching its body against objects in the tank.
Cause: Protozoan parasite. It spreads rapidly, especially in stressful conditions or when water quality is poor.
Treatment:
Raise water temperature: Gradually raise the water temperature to 28-30°C (82-86°F) over 24-48 hours, while increasing aeration. This speeds up the parasite's life cycle and makes it more susceptible to treatment.
Add salt: Aquarium salt (untreated sea salt or aquarium salt) can be added at a rate of 1-3 grams per liter of water.
Available Medications: There are specialized treatments for white spot disease containing ingredients such as malachite green and copper sulfate. Follow the instructions for use carefully.
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solation: It is preferable to isolate infected fish in a separate tank to receive treatment and prevent the spread of the disease.
:Fungal infections
Symptoms: A white or gray, cotton-like growth appears on the fish's body, fins, or eyes. Infected tissue may erode.
Cause: Fungal infections usually occur as a secondary infection after an injury or wound to the fish's skin, or as a result of poor water quality.
Treatment:
Improve water quality: Regularly change part of the water and clean the tank thoroughly.
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Antifungal medications: Use antifungal medications available at fish supply stores.
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Aquarium salt: Salt can also help in treatment.
:Abdominal bloating or dropsy
Symptoms: Severe abdominal swelling and protruding scales, giving the fish a "pinecone" appearance. Lethargy and loss of appetite.
Cause: It is often an indication of a serious internal bacterial infection affecting the kidneys and internal organs, leading to fluid retention.
Treatment: Unfortunately, this disease is often fatal.
Immediate isolation: The infected fish should be isolated to prevent the spread of the infection (if bacterial).
Antibiotics: Broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used in the water or food (if the fish is still eating).However, the recovery rate is often low.
Improving water quality always helps support the fish's immune system.
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:Gill and Skin Parasites
Symptoms: Irritability, scratching, difficulty breathing (gasping at the surface), discoloration of the gills, or a mucous coating on the skin.
Cause: Small, flat worms (flukes) that attach to the gills and skin.
Treatment:
Antiparasitic medications: Specialized medications are available to eliminate these parasites.
Salt Bath: The fish can be given a short bath in a concentrated saline solution under supervision.